National Survey on Energy and the Environment Key Findings Report, Fall 2025
PDF: National Survey on Energy and the Environment – Key Findings Report Fall 2025.
Resources for the Future’s discussion of the trade-related findings.
The following report summarizes key findings from the 2025 wave of the National Survey on Energy and the Environment (NSEE). This survey wave marks the 28th in the series, dating back to the project’s origin in 2008, under a partnership between Muhlenberg College and the University of Michigan. Since 2020 the NSEE has been produced exclusively by the Muhlenberg College Institute of Public Opinion.
KEY FINDINGS
- In 2025 a record number of Americans indicated that there is solid evidence of increasing temperatures on Earth, with 77% of individuals maintaining this opinion in the most recent wave of the National Survey on Energy and the Environment (NSEE). The 77% level is the highest mark recorded since the NSEE was initiated in 2008.
- The long-term partisan divides on the existence of evidence of climate change were once again present in 2025 with 94% of Democrats indicating that there is solid evidence of rising temperatures on the planet compared to 52% of Republicans and 80% of Americans unaffiliated with a political party.
- Among the majority of Americans that believe there is solid evidence of rising temperatures on Earth, most attribute the change to human activity (56%) or a combination of human activity and natural patterns (22%).
- Over 6 in 10 Americans agree that they have personally experienced the effects of climate change, with partisan affiliation playing a major role in this perception. While 8 out of 10 Democrats report experiencing the effects of climate change, only one third of Republicans stated that they had felt such effects.
- As the federal government reversed many of its previous efforts to reduce climate change in 2025, a solid majority (59%) of Americans indicated that the federal government has a great deal of responsibility to reduce global warming.
- About 2 out of 3 Americans agree that if the federal government fails to address climate change it is their state’s responsibility to address the problem.
- A strong majority of Americans (60%) agree that state governments should support increased use of nuclear power to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
- Only about a third (35%) of Americans believe governments will be able to stop the most damaging effects of climate change from occurring.
- About three quarters (74%) of individuals surveyed in 2025 believe Americans will not make major changes in their lifestyles, so the best way to reduce greenhouse gases will be through technological advancements.
- Americans are divided on the most important actions that the United States should take to address climate change with 37% prioritizing greenhouse gas reductions, 26% prioritizing geoengineering and scientific fixes to counter climate change and 16% prioritizing learning how to adapt to a warmer world.
METHODOLOGY
This report contains the results of a telephone survey of 700 adult residents of the United States between November 11 and December 20, 2025. Respondents were interviewed in English on both landlines (120) and cell phones (560). The sample of adult residents of the United States was randomly selected from a stratified dual frame of cell and landline telephone numbers provided by Communications Concepts of Easton Pennsylvania. In order to reach a representative sample of adult residents of the United States, landlines and cell phones were called up to three times. Interviews were conducted by live interviewers from Communication Concepts. When calling landlines interviewers ask to speak with the adult member of the household having the next birthday. When calling cell phones interviewers completed interviews with the individual who answered the call. With a randomly selected sample of respondents the margin of error for the survey is +/- 5% at a 95% level of confidence. Margins of error for questions with smaller sample size will be larger. In addition to sampling error, one should consider that question wording and other fielding issues can introduce error or bias into survey results.
The data has been weighted to gender, age, race, and educational attainment to 2025 population parameters for the United States provided by the United States Census Bureau. The calculation of sampling error takes into account design effects due to the weighting of the sample to the population parameters identified above. The AAPOR Response Rate 2 for the survey was 2.5%. Due to rounding, the totals provided in the frequency report may not total 100 percent. Data analysis and weighting were conducted through the use of the SPSS statistical software package Version 29.0. Coding of open-ended responses in the instrument was completed by two human coders on the staff of the Institute of Public Opinion. As part of the effort to ensure data quality a random sample of 12 respondents to the survey were recontacted by staff from the Institute of Public Opinion to confirm that they had completed the survey on the date provided by Communication Concepts.
The survey instrument was designed by Dr. Christopher P. Borick, MCIPO Executive Director and Dr. Lindsay Burt, MCIPO Managing Director in conjunction with Dr. Erick Lachapelle of the University of Montreal and is presented in its entirety in the following section of the report. The survey was funded exclusively by Muhlenberg College. For more detailed information on the methods employed please contact the MCIPO at 484-664-3444 or email Dr. Borick at [email protected].
Fall 2025 NSEE
WEIGHTED FREQUENCIES
Q1. Thank you. Can you please tell me in which year you were born?
CODED INTO CATEGORIES:
| 18-29 | 21% |
| 30-49 | 26% |
| 50-64 | 27% |
| 65 and Older | 26% |
Q2. What state do you currently reside in?
CODED INTO CATEGORIES:
| Northeast | 21% |
| South | 36% |
| Midwest | 24% |
| West | 20% |
Q3. Next, I would like to ask you a few questions on the issue of global warming. From what you’ve read and heard, is there solid evidence that the average temperature on earth has been getting warmer over the past four decades?
| Yes | 77% |
| No | 13% (SKIP TO Q7) |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | 10% (SKIP TO Q9) |
Q4. How confident are you that the average temperature on earth is increasing? Are you very confident, fairly confident, not too confident or not confident at all that the average temperature on earth is increasing?
| Very confident | 63% |
| Fairly confident | 29% |
| Not too confident | 6% |
| Not confident at all | 2% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | <1% |
Q5. Is the earth getting warmer mostly because of human activity such as burning fossil fuels, or mostly because of natural patterns in the earth’s environment?
| Human activity | 56% |
| Natural patterns | 17% |
| A combination (Volunteered) | 22% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | 6% |
Q6. Would you say that you are very optimistic, somewhat optimistic, somewhat pessimistic or very pessimistic that humans will be able to prevent the most damaging effects of global warming from occurring?
| Very optimistic | 17% |
| Somewhat optimistic | 32% |
| Somewhat pessimistic | 22% |
| Very pessimistic | 22% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | 8% |
ONLY THOSE WHO ANSWERED “NO” IN Q3 (i.e., do not believe temperatures are increasing)
Q7. How confident are you that the average temperatures on earth are NOT increasing? Are you very confident, fairly confident, not too confident or not confident at all that the average temperature on earth is NOT increasing?
| Very confident | 49% |
| Fairly confident | 25% |
| Not too confident | 10% |
| Not confident at all | 12% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | 3% |
Q8. What is the primary factor that makes you believe that temperatures on earth are not increasing?
(OPEN)
| Personal Observations | 35% |
| Natural patterns/cycles | 26% |
| Lack of evidence | 10% |
| Evidence disproves | 9% |
| Media has misled | 6% |
| Religious factors | 2% |
| Political factors | 1% |
| No particular reason | 3% |
| Not sure/other | 8% |
**ALL RESPONDENTS**
Q9. In your view is global warming a very serious problem, somewhat serious, not too serious, or not a problem?
| Very serious | 50% |
| Somewhat serious | 21% |
| Not too serious | 12% |
| Not a problem | 15% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | 2% |
Q10. Over the past year have you personally seen any significant changes in weather patterns where you live?
| Yes | 58% |
| No | 39% (SKIP TO Q13) |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | 4% (SKIP TO Q13) |
Q11. What changes have you seen personally?
(OPEN)
| Increased temperatures | 23% |
| Change in seasons | 11% |
| Temperature fluctuation and changes | 8% |
| Colder/more snow | 8% |
| Less snow | 7% |
| Extreme weather and storms | 7% |
| Milder winters | 7% |
| Hurricane/tornado activity | 6% |
| Drought and decreased rainfall | 5% |
| Weather differences | 4% |
| Increased rain/flooding | 4% |
| Miscellaneous changes | 4% |
| Wildfires | 2% |
| Generally different/not sure | 2% |
| Ocean related changes | <1% |
Q12. In general, how would you describe the overall weather in your area this past YEAR? Would you say it was:
| A LOT warmer than usual | 17% |
| SLIGHTLY warmer than usual | 32% |
| SLIGHTLY cooler than usual | 7% |
| A LOT cooler than usual | 5% |
| About the same as usual | 35% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | 4% |
(QUESTIONS Q13 to Q23 ROTATED)
Please identify your level of agreement with the following statements. For each statement, please indicate if you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree. First,
| Strongly Agree | Somewhat Agree | Somewhat Disagree | Stronly Disagree | Not Sure (Vol) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q13. Americans will not make major changes in their lifestyles, so the best way to reduce greenhouse gases will be through technological advancements. | 29% | 45% | 11% | 10% | 4% |
| Q14. Governments will be able to stop the most damaging effects of climate change from occurring. | 13% | 22% | 24% | 38% | 4% |
| Q15. I have personally felt the effects of climate change. | 35% | 27% | 12% | 24% | 2% |
| Q16. If global warming does take place, I have confidence that scientists would be able to find ways to alter the climate in a way that limits problems. | 19% | 34% | 18% | 26% | 3% |
| Q17. Attempts to reduce global warming by adding materials to the atmosphere will cause more harm than good for the environment. | 41% | 28% | 11% | 6% | 15% |
| Q18. If human activity leads to global warming, then humans will also be able to find ways to reduce temperatures on the planet through atmospheric engineering methods. | 15% | 38% | 17% | 21% | 9% |
| Q19. Instead of trying to stop global warming from occurring we should focus on adapting to a warmer climate. | 14% | 21% | 25% | 35% | 5% |
| Q20. Humans will be able to adapt to a hotter climate without making significant changes to their lifestyles. | 17% | 23% | 18% | 39% | 3% |
| Q21. If the federal government fails to address the issue of global warming it is my state’s responsibility to address the problem. | 34% | 30% | 12% | 21% | 3% |
| Q22. State governments should support increased use of nuclear power to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. | 33% | 26% | 12% | 18% | 12% |
| Q23A. As a rich country, the United States has a responsibility to accept more climate refugees or people displaced by climate change. | 24% | 26% | 14% | 29% | 7% |
| Q23B. The United States should do more to help climate refugees or people displaced by climate change by providing opportunities for resettlement. | 30% | 29% | 15% | 21% | 5% |
Q24. Next, I’m going to read you a list of actions that the United States may take to address climate change. Which of the actions to you believe is the MOST important action the United States should take?
[READ LIST]
| Promote greenhouse gas reductions to try and limit climate change | 37% |
| Learn to adapt to a warmer world that is the result of climate change | 16% |
| Promote geoengineering and scientific fixes to counter climate change | 26% |
| All equally important (Volunteered) | 12% |
| None are important (Volunteered) | 5% |
| Not Sure (Volunteered) | 4% |
Q25. If it required you to pay extra money each year in order for more renewable energy to be produced, how much would you be willing to pay? Would you be willing to pay…
[READ LIST]
Nothing each year……………………….…37%
1 to 50 dollars per year………………….…16%
50 to 100 dollars a year……………………16%
100 to 250 dollars a year……………….….11%
250 to 500 dollars a year……………….…. 6%
Over 500 dollars a year…………………….7%
Not Sure (Volunteered)………………..…. 7%
For each level of government that I mention please tell me if it has a great deal of responsibility, some responsibility or no responsibility for taking actions to reduce global warming. First:
| A Great Deal of Responsibility | Some Responsibility | No Responsibility | Not Sure (Volunteered) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q26. The Federal Government | 59% | 27% | 13% | 2% |
| Q27. State Governments | 42% | 41% | 17% | <1% |
| Q28. Local Governments-33 | 31% | 45% | 23% | 1% |
Q29. As you may have heard, there are a few pipeline proposals now being considered in Canada and the U.S. One is the Keystone XL energy pipeline that would transport oil from Canada’s oil sands region through the mid-western United States to refineries in Texas.
On a scale of 0 to 10, where 0 means strongly oppose and 10 means strongly support, how strongly do you support or oppose the building of the Keystone XL energy pipeline?
| 0 – strongly oppose | 21% |
| 1 | 2% |
| 2 | 2% |
| 3 | 6% |
| 4 | 1% |
| 5 | 16% |
| 6 | 5% |
| 7 | 7% |
| 8 | 8% |
| 9 | 2% |
| 10-strongly support | 23% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | 7% |
Please identify your level of agreement with the following statements. For each statement I read please indicate if you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree. First, (ROTATE OPTIONS)
| Strongly Agree | Somewhat Agree | Somewhat Disagree | Strongly Disagree | Not Sure (Volunteered) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q30. It is important that the United States follow international trade agreements. | 57% | 27% | 6% | 5% | 6% |
| Q31. The United States should place a tariff on goods manufactured in other countries that are produced with more greenhouse gas emissions than in the United States, even if it raises the cost of buying those goods in the United States. | 21% | 32% | 17% | 19% | 11% |
| Q32. When negotiating a trade agreement with other countries, the United States should prioritize the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. | 43% | 33% | 10% | 10% | 4% |
Q33. Finally, a few questions about yourself. Which of the following categories best describes your racial identity? Are you… [READ LIST]
| White/Caucasian | 61% |
| African-American | 12% |
| Hispanic/Latino | 16% |
| Asian | 5% |
| Native American | 2% |
| Mixed Race | 4% |
| Other | 1% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) | <1% |
Q34. Which of the following categories best describes your religious affiliation? Are you… [READ LIST]
| Protestant | 27% |
| Catholic | 23% |
| Jewish | 2% |
| Muslim | 3% |
| Hindu | <1% |
| Other religion | 33% |
| Atheist | 7% |
| Not sure (Volunteered) (including Agnostic | 6% |
Q35. Which of these statements comes closest to describing your feelings about the Bible? [READ LIST]
| The Bible is the actual word of God and is to be taken literally, word for word | 26% |
| The Bible is the inspired word of God but not everything in it should be taken literally, word for word | 42% |
| The Bible is an ancient book of fables, legends, history, and moral precepts recorded by men | 27% |
| Not sure (Vol) | 5% |
Q36. What is your highest level of education? [READ LIST]
| Less than High School graduate | 4% |
| High School graduate | 25% |
| Some college or technical school | 29% |
| College graduate | 26% |
| Graduate or Professional degree | 16% |
Q37. Which of the following best describes your political party affiliation? [READ LIST]
| Democrat | 28% |
| Republican | 23% |
| Other party | 5% |
| Independent | 38% |
| Not sure (Vol) | 6% |
Q38. Which of the following best describes your political beliefs? [READ LIST]
| Very Conservative | 14% |
| Somewhat Conservative | 22% |
| Moderate | 31% |
| Somewhat Liberal | 15% |
| Very Liberal | 14% |
| Not sure (Vol) | 6% |
Q39. Which of the following categories best describes your family income? Is it… [READ LIST]
| Less than $20,000 | 11% |
| $20,000-$40,000 | 18% |
| $40,000-$60,000 | 18% |
| $60,000-$80,000 | 16% |
| $80,000-$100,000 | 12% |
| Over $100,000 | 23% |
| Not sure (Vol) | 3% |
Q40. What is the zip code of your current residence?
Q41. Finally, to which gender identity do you most identify? (READ LIST)
| Male | 49% |
| Female | 50% |
| Other (Vol) | 1% |
| Not sure (Vol) | <1% |
SELECTED CROSSTABS
Q3. Next, I would like to ask you a few questions on the issue of global warming. From what you’ve read and heard, is there solid evidence that the average temperature on earth has been getting warmer over the past four decades? (n = 700)
| Yes | No | Not Sure (vol) | |
| OVERALL | 77% | 13% | 10% |
| Female | 75% | 15% | 10% |
| Male | 79% | 12% | 9% |
| No College Degree | 73% | 14% | 13% |
| College Degree | 84% | 11% | 5% |
| White | 75% | 17% | 8% |
| Person of Color | 81% | 6% | 12% |
| Catholic | 80% | 8% | 12% |
| Protestant | 64% | 28% | 9% |
| Non-Christian/No Religion | 84% | 8% | 9% |
| Democrat | 94% | 3% | 4% |
| Republican | 52% | 37% | 11% |
| Independent | 80% | 10% | 10% |
| 18-29 | 82% | 1% | 17% |
| 30-49 | 86% | 10% | 5% |
| 50-65 | 72% | 17% | 12% |
| Over 65 | 71% | 22% | 7% |
| Under 60K Income | 79% | 13% | 8% |
| Over 60K Income | 77% | 13% | 10% |
| Northeast | 88% | 8% | 5% |
| South | 77% | 14% | 9% |
| Midwest | 67% | 22% | 12% |
| West | 81% | 7% | 12% |
Q5. Is the earth getting warmer mostly because of human activity such as burning fossil fuels, or mostly because of natural patterns in the earth’s environment? (Note: asked only of respondents that indicated there is solid evidence of warming on the planet)
| Human Activity | Natural Patterns | Combination (vol) | Unsure (vol) | |
| OVERALL | 56% | 17% | 22% | 6% |
| Female | 57% | 17% | 20% | 6% |
| Male | 54% | 17% | 23% | 6% |
| No College Degree | 50% | 19% | 25% | 6% |
| College Degree | 63% | 15% | 17% | 5% |
| White | 56% | 19% | 18% | 7% |
| Person of Color | 55% | 15% | 27% | 3% |
| Catholic | 56% | 12% | 30% | 2% |
| Protestant | 50% | 24% | 17% | 9% |
| Non-Christian/No Religion | 57% | 17% | 19% | 7% |
| Democrat | 71% | 6% | 17% | 7% |
| Republican | 36% | 38% | 18% | 9% |
| Independent | 54% | 16% | 25% | 5% |
| 18-29 | 64% | 7% | 25% | 4% |
| 30-49 | 55% | 17% | 19% | 8% |
| 50-65 | 49% | 27% | 19% | 5% |
| Over 65 | 58% | 16% | 22% | 5% |
| Under 60K Income | 54% | 14% | 27% | 5% |
| Over 60K Income | 57% | 21% | 15% | 7% |
| Northeast | 57% | 15% | 23% | 5% |
| South | 53% | 21% | 20% | 6% |
| Midwest | 57% | 16% | 23% | 5% |
| West | 58% | 14% | 22% | 6% |
Q6. Would you say that you are very optimistic, somewhat optimistic, somewhat pessimistic or very pessimistic that humans will be able to prevent the most damaging effects of global warming from occurring? (Note: asked only of respondents that indicated there is solid evidence of warming on the planet)
| Very Optimistic | Somewhat Optimistic | Somewhat Pessimistic | Very Pessimistic | Not Sure (vol) | |
| OVERALL | 17% | 32% | 22% | 22% | 8% |
| Female | 13% | 36% | 19% | 27% | 5% |
| Male | 21% | 27% | 26% | 18% | 10% |
| No College Degree | 22% | 35% | 17% | 17% | 10% |
| College Degree | 11% | 28% | 28% | 29% | 5% |
| White | 12% | 29% | 25% | 28% | 6% |
| Person of Color | 23% | 35% | 18% | 14% | 9% |
| Catholic | 29% | 32% | 20% | 15% | 5% |
| Protestant | 15% | 34% | 20% | 24% | 7% |
| Non-Christian/No Religion | 13% | 30% | 26% | 24% | 8% |
| Democrat | 11% | 34% | 26% | 24% | 4% |
| Republican | 23% | 44% | 17% | 14% | 3% |
| Independent | 16% | 29% | 24% | 24% | 7% |
| 18-29 | 20% | 50% | 17% | 7% | 6% |
| 30-49 | 19% | 19% | 23% | 28% | 10% |
| 50-65 | 14% | 30% | 22% | 28% | 6% |
| Over 65 | 12% | 31% | 25% | 25% | 7% |
| Under 60K Income | 18% | 27% | 24% | 22% | 10% |
| Over 60K Income | 15% | 38% | 21% | 20% | 5% |
| Northeast | 10% | 26% | 24% | 23% | 17% |
| South | 22% | 35% | 20% | 18% | 6% |
| Midwest | 11% | 32% | 28% | 24% | 5% |
| West | 21% | 32% | 19% | 27% | 2% |
Q10. Over the past year have you personally seen any significant changes in weather patterns where you live?
| Yes | No | Not Sure (vol) | |
| OVERALL | 58% | 39% | 4% |
| Female | 63% | 34% | 3% |
| Male | 53% | 41% | 6% |
| No College Degree | 54% | 40% | 5% |
| College Degree | 62% | 36% | 2% |
| White | 55% | 41% | 4% |
| Person of Color | 60% | 35% | 5% |
| Catholic | 66% | 30% | 4% |
| Protestant | 47% | 52% | 1% |
| Non-Christian/No Religion | 56% | 37% | 7% |
| Democrat | 75% | 21% | 4% |
| Republican | 31% | 66% | 3% |
| Independent | 60% | 38% | 2% |
| 18-29 | 49% | 43% | 8% |
| 30-49 | 62% | 32% | 6% |
| 50-65 | 57% | 40% | 3% |
| Over 65 | 61% | 39% | 1% |
| Under 60K Income | 59% | 35% | 6% |
| Over 60K Income | 54% | 43% | 3% |
| Northeast | 66% | 30% | 4% |
| South | 53% | 43% | 4% |
| Midwest | 52% | 43% | 5% |
| West | 63% | 34% | 3% |
Q15. I have personally felt the effects of climate change.
| Strongly Agree | Somewhat Agree | Somewhat Disagree | Strongly Disagree | Not sure (vol) | |
| OVERALL | 35% | 27% | 12% | 24% | 2% |
| Female | 39% | 27% | 8% | 23% | 2% |
| Male | 31% | 27% | 17% | 24% | 2% |
| No College Degree | 34% | 27% | 11% | 26% | 2% |
| College Degree | 36% | 28% | 14% | 21% | 1% |
| White | 32% | 25% | 13% | 28% | 1% |
| Person of Color | 39% | 30% | 12% | 16% | 3% |
| Catholic | 44% | 29% | 12% | 16% | 0% |
| Protestant | 20% | 20% | 15% | 42% | 3% |
| Non-Christian/No Religion | 37% | 32% | 13% | 17% | 2% |
| Democrat | 46% | 32% | 12% | 8% | 2% |
| Republican | 11% | 22% | 15% | 51% | 1% |
| Independent | 35% | 29% | 11% | 23% | 2% |
| 18-29 | 33% | 31% | 20% | 15% | 2% |
| 30-49 | 44% | 24% | 11% | 18% | 3% |
| 50-65 | 27% | 30% | 11% | 31% | 1% |
| Over 65 | 37% | 22% | 9% | 29% | 2% |
| Under 60K Income | 38% | 27% | 9% | 24% | 2% |
| Over 60K Income | 33% | 24% | 17% | 25% | 2% |
| Northeast | 39% | 36% | 11% | 13% | 1% |
| South | 38% | 20% | 13% | 26% | 3% |
| Midwest | 26% | 27% | 12% | 34% | 1% |
| West | 37% | 30% | 12% | 19% | 1% |
SELECTED TIME SERIES
Level of agreement with the statement: “Instead of trying to stop global warming from occurring we should focus on adapting to a warmer climate.” (2011-2025)
| 2011 (n=887) | 2019 (n=601) | 2020 (n=607) | 2021 (n=614) | 2022 (n=614) | 2023 (n=711) | 2024 (n=715) | 2025 (n=700) | |
| Strongly Agree | 6% | 8% | 9% | 8% | 12% | 10% | 8% | 14% |
| Somewhat Agree | 23% | 22% | 25% | 23% | 22% | 27% | 39% | 21% |
| Somewhat Disagree | 30% | 24% | 21% | 20% | 21% | 26% | 26% | 25% |
| Strongly Disagree | 36% | 37% | 34% | 38% | 40% | 35% | 22% | 35% |
| Not Sure | 5% | 10% | 11% | 11% | 4% | 2% | 5% | 5% |
Level of agreement with the statement: “Humans will be able to adapt to a hotter climate without making significant changes to their lifestyles.” (2011-2025)
| 2011 (n=887) | 2019 (n=601) | 2020 (n=607) | 2021 (n=614) | 2022 (n=614) | 2023 (n=711) | 2024 (n=715) | 2025 (n=700) | |
| Strongly Agree | 6% | 7% | 11% | 9% | 10% | 9% | 11% | 17% |
| Somewhat Agree | 24% | 21% | 24% | 23% | 24% | 26% | 27% | 23% |
| Somewhat Disagree | 25% | 22% | 20% | 25% | 20% | 26% | 26% | 18% |
| Strongly Disagree | 40% | 44% | 38% | 37% | 40% | 39% | 27% | 39% |
| Not Sure | 4% | 6% | 7% | 7% | 5% | 1% | 9% | 3% |